Changing Soils to Manage Plant Communities: Activated Carbon as a Restoration Tool in Ex-arable Fields
by Kathleen McCoy |
UAA assistant professor of biology Dr. Andrew Kulmantiski is author of an article that was published in The Journal of the Society for Ecological Restoration International. The following paragraph is the abstract of that article:
Due to its potential to inhibit plant-microbe interaction and allelopathy, there is a growing interest in the use of activated carbon (AC) as a soil manipulation for native plant restoration. Here I describe the long-term effects of AC on native and non-native plant growth in the field and the short-term effects of AC on soil microbial communities. I added AC (1 percent by mass) with or without native seed to plots in three ex-arable fields dominated by non-native plants in the Methow Valley, Washington, U.S.A. Six years after a single application, AC plus native seed addition restored native plant dominance by decreasing non-native abundance from 34 +/- 4 percent to 14 +/- 2 percent, and increasing native abundance from 10 +/- 2 percent to 42 +/- 8 percent. Relative to non-AC-treated soils, AC decreased the abundance of the bacterial (16:0), fungal (18:1 w9c, 18:1 w6,9,12c), and mycorrhizal (16:1 w5c) lipids that were associated with non-native-dominated soils. This research suggests that AC effects on plant growth might be due to a complex combination of its direct effects on heterotrophic, symbiotic and pathogenic soil organisms as well as its ability to sequester allelochemicals. This research showed that soil manipulations may be a necessary component of native plant restoration because seed addition alone did not restore native plant dominance, but AC plus seed treatment did restore native plant dominance.
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